Frame material is the primary cost and performance driver. Aluminum Alloy (6061 or 7005) is the industry standard for mid-range bikes due to its balance of weight, strength, and cost-effectiveness. For high-end performance markets, Carbon Fiber (T700/T800) is preferred for its superior vibration dampening and lightweight properties, though it requires stricter quality control and impact testing. For entry-level or utility markets, Hi-Ten Steel offers the lowest price point but significantly increases shipping weight.